Penology and the Corrections System

1. Although the primary endeavor of corrections is to trickle kayoed the criminal sentence (Clear, Cole, and Reising 8), the g everyplacening body is actually responsible for managing persons from the clock they argon accused of a criminal offense until they are tried and afterwards, if they are convicted and sentenced. A sentence can be community service, drug interposition, probation, jail, or prison; or a combination of two or more of these. Therefore, the corrections form is made up of some(prenominal) public and private agencies and departments to manage the myriad programs, services, and institutions required to carry out the different sentences possible. It is discernible that corrections is a extensive system that necessarily encompasses several(prenominal) public and private agencies to touch its responsibilities of carrying out sentences.\n\n2. Throughout the account of North America attempts at social control beget gone back and onwards from methods of punis hment to treatment and rehabilitation. The changes were initiated by tradition, religious beliefs, social change, new-made research, or because the then up-to-date method wasnt working. forward to the 1970s, the rate of prison people was mostly stable at approximately 90 to great hundred inmates per 100,000 citizens (Clear, Cole, and Reising 4). In the 1970s a team of correctional researchers conclude that poseur of rehabilitation creation utilized was not having all positive effect on recidivism. In 1974, Richard Martinson, a ingredient of that research team, became known for verbalise nothing works with watch over to correctional treatment (Fry 2010). The treatment paradigm shifted to a get-tough model; more and eternal prison sentences for offenders. Subsequently, the U.S. experienced tremendous, uninterrupted exploitation in prison populations for over 30 years. Crime grade appeared to have little to do with the increases. Crime policies such as three strikes laws , mandatory minimum, longer sentences, and zero tolerance caused oft of the g...