The Beat Generation & The Hippie Movement Research Paper

The begin Generation & The Hippie feat - Research Paper ExampleHowever, the first youth upheavals - clumsy, without any clear program, but rough and wild, began in the 1950s and paved the way for the successors. The elude Generation as a cultural phenomenon clearly manifested itself in the early and mid 1950s. Kerouac, who coined the term, stated that it derives from the word beatitude beat and attitude attitude towards life of an anti-conformist coevals with a unique world outlook which strives for spiritual communion, infinite love and bliss. There are galore(postnominal) interpretations of that Kerouacs beat. A young beatnik as a media stereotype of the movement is scattered, crushed, worn out and tired of the western society of that time. Beatniks were ardent fans of jazz also. Thats why the neologism could be originated by jazz rhythm. The word beatnik appeared in the American language on April 2, 1958 with a helping hand from a San Francisco Chronicle journalist, Pulit zer Prize winner Herb Caen, who employ it in his column. He added to the English word beat (taken in any meaning named above) the Russian suffix nik, taken from the popular Russian word sputnik (satellite), which became international. This research of American subcultures will be inconsistent without mentioning forefront Lettrism, inspired by Dada and Surrealism. It deeply influenced postmodern art and society as called to break with experienced traditions. It was founded in the early 1950s in France by Isidore Isou, a Romanian-born poet. The ideology was based on the charter of degeneration of words as spoken symbols in the modern world. Therefore, the followers of Lettrism preferred, for example, to write private earn instead of long telephone conversations write slogans, not novels. The Lettrists also loved to alter state of sentience and perform. They roamed around the cities and villages of America in their weird painted clothes strongly ridiculing the postwar consumer s ociety, banality of plentitude culture and absurdity of political and social system. The Beat Generation kept apace with the Lettrists. Birthplace of the Beat movement is New York. In the 1950s - early 1960s, a group consisting of artists, writers, poets, among which are Ken Kesey, knee bend Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, William Burroughs, Lawrence Ferlinghetti and their fans has drawn a large public interest. But the subculture was logically developed and received cult office in California, in particular, in its southern part, associated with the famous Venice beach art colony. It was vividly described in the famous book by Lawrence Lipton The Holy Barbarians. In the mid-1950s, the Beatniks staged performances named Jazz and Poetry in beach cafes. Their core motif was the representation of the rebellious, colorful spirit of the slums and the attempt to romanticize life of blanched trash - the one that has a significant influence on modern American culture to this day. The Beat move ment was not massive. But their antagonism toward common values and fatigue from bourgeois contemporaries (hitchhiking trips and hippy way of life of the Kerouacs heroes in the novels On the Road, Dharma Bums Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance by Robert Pirsig), talented immersion in literature (Howl by Ginsberg), forced confrontation (like the one at a mental hospital in Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, where the character of the ripened nurse Ratched and the hospital itself are the allusion to the state)) and artistic delights, as well as the desire to turn outdoor(a) from social and political problems and experiments with drugs (novel Junkie and Naked Lunch by Burroughs The Island and The Doors of Perception by Aldous